What is a Fiber Optic Cable?

Fiber optic cable, or optical-fiber cable, is a type of cable that is similar to an electrical cable but contains optical fibers. These fibers carry light rather than electrical current. It is often used in internet cabling for high-speed connections. There are two types of fiber optic cables: single-mode and dark.

Single-mode fiber

Single-mode fiber optic cable is one of the most popular types of cables available for data transmission. This type of cable is also referred to as fundamental-mode or mono-mode, since it is specifically designed to carry only one mode of light. This cable is ideal for applications requiring high-speed data transmission.

Single-mode fiber has two layers of coating for protection, one of which is a waterproof acrylate. Its core is about eight to nine microns wide. Its wavelengths range from 1,310 nanometers to 1,550 nanometers. The outer jacket is generally yellow, but it may come in other colors. Single-mode cables are further classified into OS1 and OS2, which are characterized by their different construction methods. For example, OS1 cables have a buffered build, whereas OS2 cables have a loose tube or blown cord construction.

While both fiber types are suitable for data transmission, single-mode is often better for longer distances. Its small diameter makes it ideal for connecting two distant locations. Single-mode fiber is also ideal for WAN applications. Multimode fiber has a larger core size and supports more than one mode of light.

Single-mode fiber optic cable differs from multimode fiber cables in their construction, depending on its end-use. Multimode fibers typically incorporate hundreds of optical fibers into a single cable. These cables are also available in tones. These cables meet Telcordia GR-20 standards and UL 1651 specifications.

Multimode Fiber Optic Cable

A multimode fiber optic cable, on the other hand, is made with a 50 or 62.5 um diameter. It is easier to install, costs less, and can process multiple sources of light at once. Its bandwidth is lower, however, due to the fact that multiple light sources are processed by the cable. However, it is best for short networks, as it is less expensive and simpler to install than single-mode fiber.

As with multimode fiber, single-mode cable has its advantages and disadvantages. For example, it is easier to manufacture and can save up to 30% of the cost of multimode fiber. However, the price of single-mode electronics tends to be higher than those of multimode. Single-mode fiber electronics require more complex optical processors and have stronger light sources. However, the actual cost will depend on your particular device.